Derbyshire

Derbyshire (där`bēshər, –shĭr) county (1991 pop. 915,000), 1,016 sq mi (2,632 sq km), central England. The county seat is Derby. The terrain of the county is flat in the south, rising in the north to more than 2,000 ft (610 m) in the Peak district. The region is drained by the Trent River, with the Dove, the Derwent, and the Wye flowing into it. Much of the county is used for agriculture. Dairy farming and sheep and cattle raising are important occupations. There is also wheat and oat cultivation, as well as market gardening. In the eastern part of the county are coal deposits. Textiles, steel, porcelain, and paper are produced in Derby, Chesterfield, Alfreton, Glossop, and Ilkeston. Tourism is also important. Paleolithic cave art dating to c.10,800 B.C. is found at Creswell Crags in E Derbyshire. In the Anglo-Saxon period Derbyshire was part of the kingdom of Mercia. There are pre-Roman, Roman, and Norman remains. The great house of the dukes of Devonshire is at Chatsworth.

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Derbyshire

 or Derby

Administrative (pop., 2001: 734,581), geographic, and historic county, central England. The landscape varies from the moorlands of the north to the Trent lowlands in the south. Industry ranges from tourism in the High Peak district to mining and engineering in the eastern and southern coalfields. Apart from gaining the rural district of Tintwistle from Cheshire, the traditional county was unaltered by the administrative reorganization in 1974; its county seat is Matlock.