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Dutch elm disease |
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Dutch elm disease: see diseases of plants diseases of plants. Most plant diseases are caused by fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Although the term disease is usually used only for the destruction of live plants, the action of dry rot and the rotting of harvested crops in storage or transport is similar ..... Click the link for more information. ; elm elm, common name for the Ulmaceae, a family of trees and shrubs chiefly of the Northern Hemisphere. Elm trees (genus Ulmus) have a limited use as hardwoods for timber, especially the rock or cork elm (U. thomasi). ..... Click the link for more information. . Dutch elm diseaseWidespread disease that kills elms, caused by the fungus Ceratocystis ulmi. It was first identified in the U.S. in 1930, and an eradication campaign could not stop its spread into regions wherever the very susceptible American elm (Ulmus americana) grew. The leaves on one or more branches of a stricken tree suddenly wilt, turn dull green to yellow or brown, curl, and may drop early. Because symptoms are easily confused with other diseases, positive diagnosis is possible only through laboratory culturing. The fungus can spread up to 50 ft (15 m) from diseased to healthy trees by natural root grafts. Overland, the fungus normally is spread by the European elm bark beetle (Scolytus multistriatus; see bark beetle), less commonly by the American elm bark beetle (Hylurgopinus rufipes). Control involves exclusion of the beetles, usually by use of an insecticidal spray applied to the tree. |
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National Arboretum, a great place to visit on your trip to the nation's capital, contains not only a fabulous collection of trees, but also a group of scientists and researchers seeking answers to forest health problems and breeding a new generation of cultivars, like a new American elm that can withstand Dutch elm disease. The fungus that causes Dutch elm disease makes an infected tree strengthen its odors, attracting beetles that carry the fungus on to the next tree, researchers have found. The ash borer's presence has resulted in the destruction of more than 50,000 trees in Essex County near Windsor, many of which were replanted in cities and towns after Dutch elm disease went through in the 1970s. |
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Dutch elm disease
