North Pole, northern end of the earth's axis, lat. 90°N. It is distinguished from the north magnetic pole magnetic pole, the two nearly opposite ends of the planet where the earth's magnetic intensity is the greatest, as the north and south magnetic poles. For the magnetic north, it is the direction from any point on the earth's surface linking the horizontal component
..... Click the link for more information. . U.S. explorer Robert E. Peary Josephine Diebitsch Peary, 1863–1955, accompanied him on several of his expeditions and gave birth in the arctic to Peary's daughter, Marie Ahnighito Peary. His wife published her experiences in My Arctic Journal (1893).
..... Click the link for more information. is traditionally credited as being the first to reach (1909) the North Pole. In 1926, Richard E. Byrd Byrd, Richard Evelyn, 1888–1957, American aviator and polar explorer, b. Winchester, Va. He took up aviation in 1917, and after World War I he gained great fame in the air. He commanded the naval air unit with the arctic expedition of D. B. MacMillan in 1925.
..... Click the link for more information. and Floyd Bennett may have been the first persons to fly over the pole, but entries in Byrd's diary suggest that they may have missed the actual pole; if so, that feat would belong to Roald Amundsen Amundsen, Roald (Roald Engelbregt Grauning Amundsen) (rō`äl ä`m
..... Click the link for more information. . See also Arctic, the Arctic, the northernmost area of the earth, centered on the North Pole . The arctic regions are not coextensive with the area enclosed by the Arctic Circle (lat.
..... Click the link for more information. .

Bibliography

See F. Fleming, Ninety Degrees North: The Quest for the North Pole (2002).

North Pole

Northern end of the Earth's geographic axis, located at latitude 90° N. It is the northern point from which all meridians of longitude start. Lying in the Arctic Ocean and covered with drifting pack ice, it has six months of constant sunlight and six months of total darkness each year. Robert E. Peary claimed to have reached the pole by dogsled in 1909, but that is now in dispute; Roald Amundsen and Richard E. Byrd claimed to have reached it by air in 1926. The geographic pole does not coincide with the magnetic North Pole, which in the early 21st century lay at about 82°45′ N, 114°25′ W, or with the geomagnetic North Pole, which is at about 79°45′ N, 71°45′ W.